The traditional non-indigenous people in the Amazon have lived there for centuries, molding that biome through their cultures and uniqueness. Nowadays, the river-side dwellers, Afro-Brazilian maroon people, extractivists, rubber-tree tappers, fishermen, and other groups have been facing social, economic, and environmental challenges from climate change and the rapid urbanization in the more remote areas. And thus, they are increasingly more exposed to their vulnerabilities, but this has also revealed their strength and resilience, so they can adapt their lives to intense conditions.

Fishing, agriculture, and extractivism, for example, are ways the communities there can survive to withstand and endure as communities. These practices are being affected in diverse manners and preserving the habits and customs of these populations also means ensuring conservation of the biome. That is because their varied modes of life and sustainable management directly impact the maintenance of ecosystem services.

All their knowledge is also extremely important to Amazonian conservation. The set of knowledge is passed on from generation to generation, even influencing scientific knowledge and contributing to keeping the forest alive. That diversity of thoughts is part of the culture and strengthens the identity of each group of people.

The Sumauma tree displayed in the center of the room is a symbol of part of the efforts exerted for preserving the forest. It is known as the “Amazonian giant” due to its size; it can grow over 70 meters high and 3 meters in circumference at its base. It represents the strength and resilience of the local population.

Guaranteeing the protection of the traditional territories and their rights is the best course of action for the human and sustainable development of the Amazon.